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Open educational practices (OEP) are part of the broader open education landscape, [1] including the openness movement in general. It is a term with multiple layers and dimensions and is often used interchangeably with open pedagogy or open practices. [ 2 ]
OER have been used in educational contexts in a variety of ways, and researchers and practitioners have proposed different names for such practices. According to Wiley & Hilton (2018), [18] the two popular terms used are "open pedagogy" and "open educational practices". What these two terms refer to is closely related to each other, often ...
OER Commons, created by the Institute for the Study of Knowledge Management in Education, was developed to serve curriculum experts and educators in discovering open educational resources (OER) and collaborating around the use, evaluation, and improvement of those materials. [1]
Open education is an educational movement founded on openness, with connections to other educational movements such as critical pedagogy, and with an educational stance which favours widening participation and inclusiveness in society. [1] Open education broadens access to the learning and training traditionally offered through formal education ...
An open textbook is a textbook licensed under an open license, and made available online to be freely used by students, teachers and members of the public.Many open textbooks are distributed in either print, e-book, or audio formats that may be downloaded or purchased at little or no cost.
The Cape Town Open Education Declaration (2007) UNESCO 2012 Paris OER Declaration [1] 2009 Dakar Declaration on Open Educational Resources; Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities
Open learning is an innovative movement in education that emerged in the 1970s and evolved into fields of practice and study. The term refers generally to activities that either enhance learning opportunities within formal education systems or broaden learning opportunities beyond formal education systems. [ 1 ]
Open education policies are “formal regulations regarding support, funding, adoption, and use of Open Educational Resources (OER) and/or Open Educational Practices (OEP). Such policies are designed to support the creation, adoption, and sharing of OER and the design and integration of OEP into programs of study”.