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Vehicular traffic can be either free or congested. Traffic occurs in time and space, i.e., it is a spatiotemporal process. However, usually traffic can be measured only at some road locations (for example, via road detectors, video cameras, probe vehicle data, or phone data).
In contrast, the outflow of a wide moving jam determines a condition for the existence of the wide moving jam, i.e., the traffic phase J while the jam propagates in free flow: Indeed, if the jam propagates through free-flow (i.e., both upstream and downstream of the jam free flows occur), then a wide moving jam can persist, only when the jam ...
Traffic simulation or the simulation of transportation systems is the mathematical modeling of transportation systems (e.g., freeway junctions, arterial routes, roundabouts, downtown grid systems, etc.) through the application of computer software to better help plan, design, and operate transportation systems. [1]
The scope of application ranges from various issues of traffic engineering (transport engineering, [2] transportation planning, signal timing), public transport, urban planning over fire protection (evacuation simulation) to 3d visualization (computer animation, architectural animation) for illustrative purpose and communication to the general public.
Traffic waves travel backwards relative to the cars themselves. [1] Relative to a fixed spot on the road the wave can move with, or against the traffic, or even be stationary (when the wave moves away from the traffic with exactly the same speed as the traffic). Traffic waves are a type of traffic jam.
Automated lane keeping systems (ALKS), also described as traffic jam chauffeurs, [1] is an autonomous driving system that doesn't require driver supervision on motorways. ALKS is an international standard set out in UN-ECE regulation 157 and amounts to Level 3 vehicle automation. [ 2 ]
3D computer generated DCMI DCMI traffic flow patterns A free-flowing interchange variant, patented in 2015, [ 43 ] has received recent attention. [ 44 ] [ 45 ] [ 46 ] Called the double crossover merging interchange ( DCMI ), it includes elements from the diverging diamond interchange, the tight diamond interchange , and the stack interchange .
Braess's paradox is the observation that adding one or more roads to a road network can slow down overall traffic flow through it. The paradox was first discovered by Arthur Pigou in 1920, [1] and later named after the German mathematician Dietrich Braess in 1968.