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In Python, functions are first-class objects that can be created and passed around dynamically. Python's limited support for anonymous functions is the lambda construct. An example is the anonymous function which squares its input, called with the argument of 5:
Most modern programming languages provide features to define and call functions, including syntax for accessing such features, including: Delimit the implementation of a function from the rest of the program; Assign an identifier, name, to a function; Define formal parameters with a name and data type for each; Assign a data type to the return ...
Functions are created in Python using the def keyword. In Python, you define the function as if you were calling it, by typing the function name and then the attributes required. Here is an example of a function that will print whatever is given:
The enclosed text becomes a string literal, which Python usually ignores (except when it is the first statement in the body of a module, class or function; see docstring). Elixir The above trick used in Python also works in Elixir, but the compiler will throw a warning if it spots this.
The only difference in implementation is that in the first case we used a nested function with a name, g, while in the second case we used an anonymous nested function (using the Python keyword lambda for creating an anonymous function). The original name, if any, used in defining them is irrelevant. A closure is a value like any other value.
An internal iterator is a higher-order function (often taking anonymous functions) that traverses a collection while applying a function to each element. For example, Python's map function applies a caller-defined function to each element:
In mathematics and computer science, a higher-order function (HOF) is a function that does at least one of the following: takes one or more functions as arguments (i.e. a procedural parameter, which is a parameter of a procedure that is itself a procedure), returns a function or value as its result. All other functions are first-order functions.
The term comes from the specification for Common Lisp, which explicitly refers to the programming language feature enabling for inter-language calls as such; [citation needed] the term is also often used officially by the interpreter and compiler documentation for Haskell, [1] Rust, [2] PHP, [3] Python, and LuaJIT [4] [5]: 35 . [6]