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[15] [16] Similarly, increasing the duration of a stimulus available in a reaction time task was found to produce slightly faster reaction times to visual [15] and auditory stimuli, [17] though these effects tend to be small and are largely consequent of the sensitivity to sensory receptors. [8]
A high level of S–R compatibility is typically associated with a shorter reaction time, whereas a low level of S-R compatibility tends to result in a longer reaction time, a phenomenon known as the Simon effect. The term "stimulus-response compatibility" was first coined by Arnold Small in a presentation in 1951. [1]
[8] [9] This process was first described as being in accordance to Hick's law, [10] but more recently it was shown that the relationship between predictability and reaction time is sigmoid, not linear associated with different modes of action. [11] Hick's law is sometimes cited to justify menu design decisions. For example, to find a given word ...
If a lightweight spaceship (LWSS) hits the colliding gliders, it will appear to move forwards by 11 cells in only 6 generations, and thus travel faster than light. [4] This illusion happens because the glider annihilation reaction proceeds by the creation and soon-after destruction of another LWSS.
The gunslinger effect applies to the initial reaction, not later limb control, but there is no trade-off between that early reaction and later targeting accuracy. [ 8 ] One study conducted at the University of Birmingham found that subjects moved 10% faster when reacting rather than acting with intention. [ 9 ]
The time course of the response priming effect described so far only holds for SOAs up to about 100 ms. For longer SOAs, the priming effect can increase further. Under some circumstances, however, a reversal of the effect can be observed where inconsistent primes lead to faster responses to the target than do consistent primes.
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The Simon effect is the difference in accuracy or reaction time between trials in which stimulus and response are on the same side and trials in which they are on opposite sides, with responses being generally slower and less accurate when the stimulus and response are on opposite sides. The task is similar in concept to the Stroop Effect. [1]