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Unidentified planarian. Planarians (triclads) are free-living flatworms of the class Turbellaria, [2] [3] order Tricladida, [4] which includes hundreds of species, found in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial habitats. [5] Planarians are characterized by a three-branched intestine, including a single anterior and two posterior branches. [5]
Kenkia glandulosa, the pink planarian, is a flatworm in the family Kenkiidae. [2] It is found only in the Devil's Icebox cave in Rock Bridge Memorial State Park in Boone County, Missouri, USA. The rarity of this species was once used as an argument to prevent the construction of a shopping mall in the area. [3]: 83
Planaria is a genus of planarians in the family Planariidae. Due to its excellent ability to regenerate, species of Planaria has also been used as model organisms in regeneration studies. [ 1 ] When an individual is cut into pieces, each piece has the ability to regenerate into a fully formed individual. [ 2 ]
Geoplanidae is a family of flatworms known commonly as land planarians or land flatworms. [ 2 ] These flatworms are mainly predators of other invertebrates, which they hunt, attack and capture using physical force and the adhesive and digestive properties of their mucus. [ 3 ]
Free-living flatworms are mostly predators, and live in water or in shaded, humid terrestrial environments, such as leaf litter. Cestodes (tapeworms) and trematodes (flukes) have complex life-cycles, with mature stages that live as parasites in the digestive systems of fish or land vertebrates , and intermediate stages that infest secondary hosts.
A parasite called Heterobilharzia americana, a flatworm commonly referred to as liver fluke, was behind the illness of the 11 dogs. The parasite normally makes its home in Texas and in the South.
The brains of the free-living polyclad, Notoplana acticola, are considered true brains. [4] The body of the flatworm is bilaterally symmetrical and it involves cephalization. [4] Notoplana acticola brains are unique because of the cellular and subcellular neural components that regulate the behavior of the flatworm. [4]
Girardia tigrina, known as the brown planarian or the immigrant triclad flatworm, is a species of dugesiid native to the Americas. [1] It has been accidentally introduced into Europe [ 2 ] and Japan. [ 3 ]