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Nicotine withdrawal is a group of symptoms that occur in the first few weeks after stopping or decreasing use of nicotine. Symptoms include intense cravings for nicotine, anger or irritability , anxiety , depression , impatience, trouble sleeping , restlessness , hunger , weight gain , and difficulty concentrating.
A National Institute on Drug Abuse video entitled Anyone Can Become Addicted to Drugs. [21]Nicotine dependence is defined as a neurobiological adaptation to repeated drug exposure that is manifested by highly controlled or compulsive use, the development of tolerance, experiencing withdrawal symptoms upon cessation including cravings, and an inability to quit despite harmful effects. [9]
Vaping-associated pulmonary injury (VAPI), [4] also known as vaping-associated lung injury (VALI) [1] or e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury (E/VALI), [2] [a] is an umbrella term, [15] [16] used to describe lung diseases associated with the use of vaping products that can be severe and life-threatening. [3]
In nicotine-dependent smokers, quitting smoking can lead to nicotine withdrawal symptoms such as nicotine cravings, anxiety, irritability, depression, and weight gain. [23]: 2298 Professional smoking cessation support methods generally attempt to address nicotine withdrawal symptoms to help the person break free of nicotine addiction.
An electronic cigarette (e-cigarette), or vape, [note 1] [16] is a device that simulates smoking. It consists of an atomizer, a power source such as a battery, and a container such as a cartridge or tank. Instead of smoke, the user inhales vapor. [17] As such, using an e-cigarette is often called "vaping". [18]
When the opioid epidemic hit, Mike Townsend, who has managed the Recovery Kentucky system for a decade, said he saw no reason to offer more than the existing 12-step program. He reasoned that the brain has healed once an addict manages to overcome the physical pain of withdrawal, and that the rest of the recovery is spiritual and psychological.