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Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula N 2 H 4.It is a simple pnictogen hydride, and is a colourless flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odour.Hydrazine is highly hazardous unless handled in solution as, for example, hydrazine hydrate (N 2 H 4 ·xH 2 O).
Hydrazines (R 2 N−NR 2) are a class of chemical compounds with two nitrogen atoms linked via a covalent bond and which carry from one up to four alkyl or aryl substituents. . Hydrazines can be considered as derivatives of the inorganic hydrazine (H 2 N−NH 2), in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by hydrocarbon grou
Aerozine 50 is more stable than hydrazine alone, and has a higher density and boiling point than UDMH alone. Pure hydrazine has a higher performance than Aerozine 50, but an inconvenient freezing point of 2 °C. [3] A mix of hydrazine and UDMH has a far lower freezing point due to freezing-point depression.
Acetone hydrazone can be produced on large scale by reaction of acetone azine with hydrazine, a more convenient reaction than direct reaction of acetone and hydrazine. [3] Likewise, it is susceptible to disproportionation to revert to acetone azine and hydrazine, especially in the presence of water.
Ketazines are also important intermediates in the industrial production of hydrazine hydrate by the peroxide process. [3] In the presence of an oxidant, ammonia and ketones react to give hydrazine via ketazine: 2 Me(Et)C=O + 2 NH 3 + H 2 O 2 → Me(Et)C=NN=C(Et)Me + 2 H 2 O. The ketazine can be hydrolyzed to the hydrazine and regenerate the ketone:
When derived from hydrazine itself, hydrazones condense with a second equivalent of a carbonyl to give azines: [11] R 2 C=N−NH 2 + R 2 C=O → R 2 C=N−N=CR 2 + H 2 O. Hydrazones are intermediates in the Wolff–Kishner reduction. Hydrazones are reactants in hydrazone iodination, the Shapiro reaction, and the Bamford–Stevens reaction to ...
In 1935, Hellmuth Walter discovered that hydrazine hydrate was hypergolic with high-test peroxide of 80–83%. He was probably the first to discover this phenomenon, and set to work developing a fuel. Prof. Otto Lutz assisted the Walter Company with the development of C-Stoff which contained 30% hydrazine hydrate, 57% methanol , and 13% water ...