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Pernicious anemia is the most common cause of clinically evident vitamin B 12 deficiency worldwide. [14] Pernicious anemia due to autoimmune problems occurs in about one per 1000 people in the US. Among those over the age of 60, about 2% have the condition. [8] It more commonly affects people of northern European descent. [2]
Pernicious anemia is the most common cause of vitamin B 12 deficiency anemia in adults, which results from malabsorption of vitamin B 12 due to a lack or loss of intrinsic factor. [2] [8] There are relatively few studies which have assessed the impact of haematological measures in response to B 12 supplementation.
Anemia of kidney failure [31] due to insufficient production of the hormone erythropoietin; Anemia of endocrine disease [32] Disturbance of proliferation and maturation of erythroblasts. Pernicious anemia [31] is a form of megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B 12 deficiency dependent on impaired absorption of vitamin B 12.
In pernicious anemia, which is usually an autoimmune disease, autoantibodies directed against intrinsic factor or parietal cells themselves lead to an intrinsic factor deficiency, malabsorption of vitamin B 12, and subsequent megaloblastic anemia. [15]
The main type of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia is pernicious anemia, [29] characterized by a triad of symptoms: Anemia with bone marrow promegaloblastosis (megaloblastic anemia). This is due to the inhibition of DNA synthesis (specifically purines and thymidine).
Pernicious anemia: D51.0: 9870: Pernicious anemia (also known as macrocytic achylic anemia, congenital pernicious anemia, juvenile pernicious anemia, and Vitamin B12 deficiency) is one of many types of the larger family of megaloblastic anemias. It is caused by loss of gastric parietal cells, and subsequent inability to absorb vitamin B 12.