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Trisomy 21. Down syndrome (also known by the karyotype 47,XX,+21 for females and 47,XY,+21 for males) [98] is mostly caused by a failure of the 21st chromosome to separate during egg or sperm development, known as nondisjunction. [91] As a result, a sperm or egg cell is produced with an extra copy of chromosome 21; this cell thus has 24 ...
t. e. The medical model of disability, or medical model, is based in a biomedical perception of disability. This model links a disability diagnosis to an individual's physical body. The model supposes that a disability may reduce the individual's quality of life and aims to correct or diminish the disability with medical intervention. [1]
Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability (in the United Kingdom [3]) and formerly mental retardation (in the United States [4]), [5][6] is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant impairment in intellectual and adaptive functioning that is first apparent during childhood.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that often results in distinct physical differences and intellectual disability. According to the Centers for Disease Control, each year about 6,000 babies are ...
Savant syndrome (/ ˈsævənt, sæˈvɑːnt / SAV-ənt, sə-VAHNT, US also / səˈvɑːnt / sav-AHNT) is a phenomenon where someone demonstrates exceptional aptitude in one domain, such as art or mathematics, despite significant social or intellectual impairment. [1]
Down syndrome is a genetic condition in which people are born with an extra copy of chromosome 21. This extra copy affects the development of the body and brain, causing a range of physical and mental impairments for the individual. Fragile X syndrome, most frequent among males, is thought to cause autism and intellectual disability.
3% of newborns (US) [ 8 ] Deaths. 628,000 (2015) [ 9 ] A birth defect[ a ] is an abnormal condition that is present at birth, regardless of its cause. [ 2 ] Birth defects may result in disabilities that may be physical, intellectual, or developmental. [ 2 ] The disabilities can range from mild to severe. [ 6 ]
It is characterized by short stature, epicanthal folds, abnormal fingerprints, and palm prints, heart defects, poor muscle tone (delay of neurological development), and intellectual disabilities (delay of intellectual development). [42] Less commonly known genetically determined neurodevelopmental disorders include Fragile X syndrome.