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LP record. The LP (from "long playing" [1] or "long play") is an analog sound storage medium, specifically a phonograph record format characterized by: a speed of 33⁄ rpm; a 12- or 10-inch (30- or 25-cm) diameter; use of the "microgroove" groove specification; and a vinyl (a copolymer of vinyl chloride acetate) composition disk.
The most common diameter sizes for gramophone records are 12-inch, 10-inch, and 7-inch (300 mm, 250 mm, and 180 mm). [1] Early American shellac records were all 7-inch until 1901, when 10-inch records were introduced. 12-inch records joined them in 1903. [2] By 1910, other sizes were retired and nearly all discs were either 10-inch or 12-inch ...
From the mid-1950s through the 1960s, in the U.S. the common home record player or "stereo" (after the introduction of stereo recording) would typically have had these features: a three- or four-speed player (78, 45, 33 + 1 ⁄ 3, and sometimes 16 + 2 ⁄ 3 rpm); with changer, a tall spindle that would hold several records and automatically ...
When the Columbia LP was released in June 1948, the developers subsequently published technical information about the 33 1 ⁄ 3 rpm, microgroove, long-playing record. [5] Columbia disclosed a recording characteristic showing that it was like the NAB curve in the treble, but had more bass boost or pre-emphasis below about 150 Hz.
The introduction of the 33 1 ⁄ 3 rpm record LP "album" in 1948 and the 45 rpm record "single" in 1949 prompted consumers to upgrade to a new multi-speed record player with the required smaller-tipped "microgroove" stylus. Sapphire and diamond then became the standard stylus tip materials.
The EMI version is circular, with four small notches holding the center part onto the rest of the record. [citation needed] The former RCA Corporation introduced a snap-in plastic insert known as a spider [1] to make 45 rpm records compatible with the smaller spindle size of a 33 + 1 ⁄ 3 rpm LP record player. The Hutchison adapter included ...