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Protease inhibitors were the second class of antiretroviral drugs developed. The first members of this class, saquinavir, ritonavir, and indinavir, were approved in late 1995–1996. Within 2 years, annual deaths from AIDS in the United States fell from over 50,000 to approximately 18,000 [5] Prior to this the annual death rate had been ...
Lamotrigine, sold under the brand name Lamictal among others, is a medication used to treat epilepsy and stabilize mood in bipolar disorder. [5][8] For epilepsy, this includes focal seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, and seizures in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. [8]
Nirmatrelvir is a covalent inhibitor, binding directly to the catalytic cysteine (Cys145) residue of the cysteine protease enzyme. [ 22 ] In the co-packaged medication nirmatrelvir/ritonavir , ritonavir serves to slow the metabolism of nirmatrelvir via cytochrome enzyme inhibition, thereby increasing the circulating concentration of the main ...
Severe side effects may include bone marrow suppression, muscle damage, worsening of hepatitis B if previously infected, high blood lactate and liver enlargement. [2] [4] It may be part of a recommended treatment during pregnancy. [2] The medications are both of the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) class. [2]
Severe side effects may include allergic reactions including Stevens–Johnson syndrome, muscle breakdown, and liver problems. [6] It is unclear if use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe. [6] Raltegravir is an HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitor which blocks the functioning of HIV integrase which is needed for viral replication. [6]
Nelfinavir, sold under the brand name Viracept, is an antiretroviral medication used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Nelfinavir belongs to the class of drugs known as protease inhibitors (PIs) and like other PIs is almost always used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs. Nelfinavir is an orally bioavailable human immunodeficiency virus ...
Proteasome inhibitor. Chemical structure of bortezomib, the first proteasome inhibitor approved for use. Proteasome inhibitors (INN stem –zomib) [1] are drugs that block the action of proteasomes, cellular complexes that break down proteins. They are being studied in the treatment of cancer; three are approved for use in treating multiple ...
Nirmatrelvir is a SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M pro, 3CL pro, nsp5 protease) inhibitor while ritonavir is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor and strong CYP3A inhibitor. [ 10 ] [ 18 ] Nirmatrelvir is the main active agent in the formulation, while ritonavir, which inhibits HIV-1 protease , is a strong CYP3A inhibitor : it inhibits the metabolization of ...