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  2. History of trial by jury in England - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_trial_by_jury...

    First, lawyers could challenge any juror in a serious trial, removing them without cause. Second, judges were granted a power under the 1919 Act to order single-sex juries. Third, a person only qualified for jury service if they were named as the formal owner or occupier of a property.

  3. Assize of Clarendon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assize_of_Clarendon

    Assize of Clarendon. The Assize of Clarendon was an act of Henry II of England in 1166 that began a transformation of English law and led to trial by jury in common law countries worldwide, and that established assize courts. Prior systems for deciding the winning party in a case, especially felonies, included trial by ordeal, trial by battle ...

  4. Jury trial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_trial

    A jury trial, or trial by jury, is a legal proceeding in which a jury makes a decision or findings of fact. It is distinguished from a bench trial in which a judge or panel of judges makes all decisions. Jury trials are increasingly used in a significant share of serious criminal cases in many common law judicial systems, but not all.

  5. Federalist No. 83 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federalist_No._83

    Federalist No. 83 is an essay by Alexander Hamilton, the eighty-third of The Federalist Papers. It was published on July 5, 9, and 12, 1788, under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all The Federalist papers were published. Titled " The Judiciary Continued in Relation to Trial by Jury ", it is the last in a series of six essays ...

  6. Trial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial

    In law, a trial is a coming together of parties to a dispute, to present information (in the form of evidence) in a tribunal, a formal setting with the authority to adjudicate claims or disputes. One form of tribunal is a court. The tribunal, which may occur before a judge, jury, or other designated trier of fact, aims to achieve a resolution ...

  7. Trial by combat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_by_combat

    Trial by combat. A 1540s depiction of a judicial combat in Augsburg in 1409, between Marshal Wilhelm von Dornsberg and Theodor Haschenacker. Dornsberg's sword broke early in the duel, but he proceeded to kill Haschenacker with his own sword. Trial by combat (also wager of battle, trial by battle or judicial duel) was a method of Germanic law to ...

  8. The Trial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Trial

    The Trial. The Trial (German: Der Prozess) [A] is a novel written by Franz Kafka in 1914 and 1915 and published posthumously on 26 April 1925. One of his best-known works, it tells the story of Josef K., a man arrested and prosecuted by a remote, inaccessible authority, with the nature of his crime revealed neither to him nor to the reader.

  9. Trial by Jury - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_by_Jury

    Trial by Jury. A scene from Trial by Jury as illustrated in the magazine Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News of 1 May 1875. Trial by Jury is a comic opera in one act, with music by Arthur Sullivan and libretto by W. S. Gilbert. It was first produced on 25 March 1875, at London's Royalty Theatre, where it initially ran for 131 performances ...

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