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In financial economics, contingent claim analysis is widely used as a framework both for developing pricing models, and for extending the theory. [6] Thus, from its origins in option pricing and the valuation of corporate liabilities, [ 7 ] it has become a major approach to intertemporal equilibrium under uncertainty .
Precedent agents' claims on an organization's cash flows can consist of e.g. employees' salaries, creditors' interest or the government's taxes. The concept of the residual claimant has been the subject of as well as used in over 8,000 scholarly articles, notably in law and economics, information economics and corporate finance. [2]
Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...
The earlier term for the discipline was "political economy", but since the late 19th century, it has commonly been called "economics". [22] The term is ultimately derived from Ancient Greek οἰκονομία (oikonomia) which is a term for the "way (nomos) to run a household (oikos)", or in other words the know-how of an οἰκονομικός (oikonomikos), or "household or homestead manager".
Saudi Arabia is an economic welfare state with free medical care [65] and unemployment benefits. [66] However, the country relies not on taxation but mainly oil revenues to maintain the social and economic services to its populace. Payment: 2000 SAR (US$534) for 12 months for an unemployed person aged 18–35. External links
James Stuart (1767) authored the first book in English with 'political economy' in its title, explaining it just as: . Economy in general [is] the art of providing for all the wants of a family, so the science of political economy seeks to secure a certain fund of subsistence for all the inhabitants, to obviate every circumstance which may render it precarious; to provide everything necessary ...
Claims that are denied or underpaid may require follow-up, appeals, or adjustments by the medical billing department. [ 5 ] Accurate medical billing demands proficiency in coding and billing standards, a thorough understanding of insurance policies, and attention to detail to ensure timely and accurate reimbursement.
Economics classes make extensive use of supply and demand graphs like this one to teach about markets. In this graph, S and D refer to supply and demand and P and Q refer to the price and quantity. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to economics: