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A parenting style is a pattern of behaviors, attitudes, and approaches that a parent uses when interacting with and raising their child. The study of parenting styles is based on the idea that parents differ in their patterns of parenting and that these patterns can have a significant impact on their children's development and well-being.
For more than 50 years since, dozens of different parenting styles have come in and out of vogue, including attachment parenting, tiger parenting and free-range parenting.
[4] She was a developmental psychologist at the Institute of Human Development, University of California, Berkeley. [5] She was known for her research on parenting styles [6] [7] and for her critique of deception in psychological research, especially Stanley Milgram's controversial experiment. [8] [9] [10] Baumrind defined three parenting styles:
Parenting styles vary by historical period, race/ethnicity, social class, preference, and a few other social features. [4] There is no one appropriate parenting style to raise a child. Circumstances and experiences may be determinant on the styles to apply as required. This presumes that parenting styles are not premised on a one size fits all ...
Concerted cultivation parenting is associated with those parents who have traditionally white collar jobs and those considered to be part of the upper class. Natural growth parenting is associated with blue collar workers of the working class. Parenting practices do not apply exclusively to social classes, but they are highly correlated. [2]
Diana Baumrind found 4 parenting styles: authoritarian, permissive, authoritative and neglectful parenting styles. [17] Studies have shown that an authoritative parenting style, the one that most closely demonstrates tough love, is characterised by warmth, responsiveness and clear boundaries, promoting positive child outcomes. [18]
The nurturant parent model is a parenting style, built upon an underlying value system, [citation needed] that goes in contrast with the strict father model.Each system reflects a contrasting value system in parenthood, i.e. conservative parenting and liberal parenting.
The strict father model of parenting is one which values strict discipline, particularly by the father, in parenting. The strict mother model also exists. Ideas involved in this model include: That children learn through reward and punishment, as in operant conditioning.