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One slug is a mass equal to 32.17405 lb (14.59390 kg) based on standard gravity, the international foot, and the avoirdupois pound. [3] In other words, at the Earth's surface (in standard gravity), an object with a mass of 1 slug weighs approximately 32.17405 lbf or 143.1173 N. [4] [5]
A slug has a mass of 32.174049 lb. A pound-force is the amount of force required to accelerate a slug at a rate of 1 ft/s 2, so: ... 1 lb F: ≈ 4.448 222 N: ≈ ...
The conversion for the poundal is given by 1 pdl = 1 lb·ft/s 2 = 0.138 254 954 376 N (precisely). [1] To convert between the absolute and gravitational FPS systems one needs to fix the standard acceleration g which relates the pound to the pound-force. [citation needed] =
Since a pound of force (pound force) accelerates a pound of mass at 32.174 049 ft/s 2 (9.80665 m/s 2; the acceleration of gravity, g), we can scale down the unit of force to compensate, giving us one that accelerates 1 pound mass at 1 ft/s 2 rather than at 32.174 049 ft/s 2; and that is the poundal, which is approximately 1 ⁄ 32 pound force.
Units for other physical quantities are derived from this set as needed. In English Engineering Units, the pound-mass and the pound-force are distinct base units, and Newton's Second Law of Motion takes the form = where is the acceleration in ft/s 2 and g c = 32.174 lb·ft/(lbf·s 2).
In unit systems where force is a derived unit, like in SI units, g c is equal to 1. In unit systems where force is a primary unit, like in imperial and US customary measurement systems , g c may or may not equal 1 depending on the units used, and value other than 1 may be required to obtain correct results. [ 2 ]
1 slug = 1 lbf⋅s 2 /ft ≈ 14.59390 kg; Force 1 poundal = force to accelerate 1 pound mass 1 foot/second/second ≈ 0.138 newtons. 1 kip = 1000 lbf ≈ 4.44822 kN; Energy 1 foot-pound ≈ 1.356 J; 1 British thermal unit (Btu) ≈ 1.055 kJ (1,054–1,060 J, depending on which of several definitions of BTU is used)
≡ 1 ⁄ 700 lb av = 647.9891 mg slug; geepound: slug ≡ g 0 × 1 lb av × 1 s 2 /ft ≈ 14.593 903 kg: stone: st ≡ 14 lb av = 6.350 293 18 kg: ton, assay (long) AT ≡ 1 mg × 1 long ton ÷ 1 oz t = 32. 6 g ton, assay (short) AT ≡ 1 mg × 1 short ton ÷ 1 oz t = 29.1 6 g ton, long: long tn or ton ≡ 2240 lb = 1 016.046 9088 kg: ton ...