Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory in psychology comprising a five-tier model of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid. The five levels of the hierarchy are physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.
Fromm believed that character in humans evolved as a way for people to meet their needs. Unlike Freud, he did not believe that character was fixed. Fromm outlined five essential human needs: relatedness, rootedness, transcendence, sense of identity, and frame of orientation.
Self-determination is a macro theory of human motivation and personality. It is a theory that deals with two huge factors: people’s inherent growth tendencies and the innate psychological needs of these same individuals.
Carl Rogers (1959) believed that humans have one basic motive, which is the tendency to self-actualize – i.e., to fulfill one’s potential and achieve the highest level of “human-beingness” we can.
Karen Horney (1885 - 1952) was a German psychoanalyst who radically countered the views of the Freudian school. Her views on neurosis, feminist psychology, and the self continue to influence the fields of cultural psychology, interpersonal psychotherapy, and humanistic psychology.
By including thought processes in human psychology, social cognitive theory is able to avoid the assumption made by radical behaviorism that all human behavior is learned through trial and error. Instead, Bandura highlights the role of observational learning and imitation in human behavior.
The humanistic approach emphasizes the individual’s personal worth, the centrality of human values, and the creative, active nature of human beings. The approach is optimistic and focuses on the noble human capacity to overcome hardship, pain and despair.
On This Page: Erikson maintained that personality develops in a predetermined order through eight stages of psychosocial development, from infancy to adulthood. During each stage, the person experiences a psychosocial crisis that could positively or negatively affect personality development.
Self-actualization theory emphasizes the innate drive of individuals to reach their full potential. Kurt Goldstein highlighted the holistic nature of self-actualization, encompassing physical, psychological, and social well-being.
Alfred Adler's Individual Psychology posits that humans are primarily motivated by social connectedness and a striving for superiority or success. He believed that feelings of inferiority drive individuals to achieve personal goals.