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There are numerous effects of climate change on agriculture, many of which are making it harder for agricultural activities to provide global food security. Rising temperatures and changing weather patterns often result in lower crop yields due to water scarcity caused by drought, heat waves and flooding. [5]
Climate change is modifying fish distributions [6] and the productivity of marine and freshwater species. Climate change is expected to lead to significant changes in the availability and trade of fish products. [7] The geopolitical and economic consequences will be significant, especially for the countries most dependent on the sector.
It is likely there will be a 15% decrease in the number of marine animals and a decrease of 21% to 24% in fisheries catches by the end of the 21st century because of climate change. [ 68 ] A 2020 study reports that by 2050 global warming could be spreading in the deep ocean seven times faster than it is now, even if emissions of greenhouse ...
Climate change is modifying fish distributions [104] and the productivity of marine and freshwater species. Climate change is expected to lead to significant changes in the availability and trade of fish products. [105] The geopolitical and economic consequences will be significant, especially for the countries most dependent on the sector.
Addressing these concerns was a central part of the IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Land [3] as well as in the 2024 UNEP Actions on Air Quality report. [4] Mitigation of agricultural pollution is a key component in the development of a sustainable food system .
Jack mackerel caught by a Chilean purse seiner Fishing down the food web. Overfishing is the removal of a species of fish (i.e. fishing) from a body of water at a rate greater than that the species can replenish its population naturally (i.e. the overexploitation of the fishery's existing fish stock), resulting in the species becoming increasingly underpopulated in that area.
At the same time, livestock farming is affected by climate change. Farm animals' digestive systems can be put into two categories: monogastric and ruminant. Ruminant cattle for beef and dairy rank high in greenhouse gas emissions. In comparison, monogastric, or pigs and poultry-related foods, are lower.
[3]: 747 Ixodes ricinus, a tick which spreads pathogens like Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis, is predicted to become 5–7% more prevalent on livestock farms in Great Britain, depending on the extent of future climate change. [45] The impacts of climate change on leptospirosis are more complicated: its outbreaks are likely to worsen ...