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VIN is a superficial lesion of the skin that has not invaded the basement membrane—or a pre-cancer. [16] VIN may progress to carcinoma in situ and, eventually, squamous cell cancer. Chronic inflammatory conditions of the vulva that may be precursors to vulvar cancer include lichen sclerosus, which can predispose to differentiated VIN. [17] [18]
neglected squamous cell carcinoma skin of scalp Advanced squamous cell carcinoma, excision specimen. Note invasion subcutaneous tissue. Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma (cSCC), also known as squamous-cell carcinoma of the skin or squamous-cell skin cancer, is one of the three principal types of skin cancer, alongside basal-cell carcinoma and melanoma.
Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), also known as epidermoid carcinoma, comprises a number of different types of cancer that begin in squamous cells. [1] These cells form on the surface of the skin, on the lining of hollow organs in the body, and on the lining of the respiratory and digestive tracts .
The epithelial basement membrane is intact and the lesion is thus not invasive but has invasive potential. The terminology of VIN evolved over several decades. In 1989 [ 2 ] the Committee on Terminology, International Society for the Study of Vulvar Disease (ISSVD) replaced older terminology such as vulvar dystrophy , Bowen's disease , and ...
Invasive carcinoma is the final step in this sequence. It is a cancer which has invaded beyond the basement membrane and has potential to spread to other parts of the body. Invasive carcinoma can usually be treated, but not always successfully. However, if it is left untreated, it is almost always fatal.
The basement membrane, also known as base membrane, is a thin, pliable sheet-like type of extracellular matrix that provides cell and tissue support and acts as a platform for complex signalling. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The basement membrane sits between epithelial tissues including mesothelium and endothelium , and the underlying connective tissue.
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer, globally accounting for at least 40% of cancer cases. [5] [20] The most common type is nonmelanoma skin cancer, which occurs in at least 2–3 million people per year. [6] [21] This is a rough estimate; good statistics are not kept. [1]
Intravasation is the invasion of cancer cells through the basement membrane into a blood or lymphatic vessel. [1] Intravasation is one of several carcinogenic events that initiate the escape of cancerous cells from their primary sites. [2]