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Gestational hypertension or pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is the development of new hypertension in a pregnant woman after 20 weeks' gestation without the presence of protein in the urine or other signs of pre-eclampsia. [1] Gestational hypertension is defined as having a blood pressure greater than 140/90 on two occasions at least 6 ...
Gestational Hypertension If hypertension in the mother occurs after the 20th week and meets certain criteria, this is considered preeclampsia / eclampsia . The mechanism of preeclampsia/eclampsia is unknown, but consequences if left untreated can include fetal growth restriction or death, as well as pose medical risks to the mother.
Hypertensive disease of pregnancy, also known as maternal hypertensive disorder, is a group of high blood pressure disorders that include preeclampsia, preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, and chronic hypertension. [3] Maternal hypertensive disorders occurred in about 20.7 million women in 2013. [1]
[38] [39] Patients who have gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia have an increased risk of eclampsia. [41] Furthermore, women with other pre-existing vascular diseases ( diabetes or nephropathy ) or thrombophilia disease such as the antiphospholipid syndrome are at higher risk to develop pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.
Maternal insulin resistance can lead to gestational diabetes. Increased liver metabolism is also seen, with increased gluconeogenesis to increase maternal glucose levels. Increased liver metabolism is also seen, with increased gluconeogenesis to increase maternal glucose levels.
Pregnancy itself is a factor of hypercoagulability (pregnancy-induced hypercoagulability), as a physiologically adaptive mechanism to prevent postpartum bleeding. [165] However, in combination with an underlying hypercoagulable state, the risk of thrombosis or embolism may become substantial.
A contraction stress test (CST) is performed near the end of pregnancy (34 weeks' gestation) to determine how well the fetus will cope with the contractions of childbirth.The aim is to induce contractions and monitor the fetus to check for heart rate abnormalities using a cardiotocograph.
A diagram explaining factors affecting arterial pressure. Pathophysiology is a study which explains the function of the body as it relates to diseases and conditions. The pathophysiology of hypertension is an area which attempts to explain mechanistically the causes of hypertension, which is a chronic disease characterized by elevation of blood pressure.