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The Xia–Shang–Zhou Chronology Project (Chinese: 夏商周断代工程; pinyin: Xià Shāng Zhōu Duàndài Gōngchéng) was a multi-disciplinary project commissioned by the People's Republic of China in 1996 to determine with accuracy the location and time frame of the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties.
Jian's son King Ling of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. 551 BC: Confucius was born. 548 BC: The earliest surviving reference to Go appeared. 545 BC: Ling died. 544 BC: Ling's son Ji Gui, King Jing of Zhou became king of the Zhou dynasty. The Chinese people were first divided into a caste system of four occupations. 543 BC
The Zhou dynasty (/ dʒ oʊ / JOH) was a royal dynasty of China that existed for 789 years from c. 1046 BC until 256 BC, the longest span of any dynasty in Chinese history. During the Western Zhou period (c. 1046 – 771 BC), the royal house, surnamed Ji, had military control over territories centered on the Wei River valley and North China Plain.
For example, the Northern Zhou is also sometimes referred to as the "Northern Zhou dynasty". [138] Often, scholars would refer to a specific Chinese dynasty by attaching the word "China" after the dynastic name. For instance, "Tang China" refers to the Chinese state under the rule of the Tang dynasty and the corresponding historical era. [139]
The Xia dynasty (/ ʃ i ɑː /; Chinese: 夏朝, romanized: Xià cháo) is the first dynasty in traditional Chinese historiography. According to tradition, it was established by the legendary figure Yu the Great , after Shun , the last of the Five Emperors , gave the throne to him. [ 1 ]
[a] The earliest rulers in traditional Chinese historiography are of mythological origin, and followed by the Xia dynasty of highly uncertain and contested historicity. During the subsequent Shang (c. 1600–1046 BCE) and Zhou (1046–256 BCE) dynasties, rulers were referred to as Wang 王, meaning king. [4] China was fully united for the first ...
The Xia dynasty is overthrown and replaced by the Shang dynasty. [citation needed] 1046 BCE Battle of Muye: The Shang dynasty is overthrown and replaced by the Zhou dynasty. c. 1042–1039 BCE Rebellion of the Three Guards: The Zhou dynasty defeats the discontented Zhou princes, and their Shang loyalist allies. 771 BCE Battle of Mount Li (Lishan)
This is a family tree for the Zhou dynasty, descendants of Duke Wu of Zhou who overthrew the last Shang ruler, thereby establishing the dynasty. Ruling from 1046 BC to 256 BC, it is notable as the longest dynasty in Chinese history, although the actual political and military control of China by the dynasty only lasted during the Western Zhou.