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Newborn infants have low stores of vitamin K, and human breast milk has low concentrations of the vitamin. This combination can lead to vitamin K deficiency and later onset bleeding. Vitamin K deficiency leads to the risk of blood coagulation problems due to impaired production of clotting factors II, VII, IX, X, protein C and protein S by the ...
Additional risk factors include 1) infants who never got a vitamin K shot at birth, even more so if they were solely breastfed, 2) infants who had mothers taking medications to treat seizures since these affect how the body uses vitamin K, 3) infants with diarrhea, cystic fibrosis, and celiac disease because this makes it hard to absorb ...
Bronze baby syndrome (dark pigmentation of skin). The primary symptom is yellowish discoloration of the white part of the eyes and skin in a newborn baby. [1] Other symptoms may include excess sleepiness or poor feeding. [1] A bilirubin level more than 34 μmol/L (2 mg/dL) may be visible. [1]
Vitamin K is a family of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamers found in foods and marketed as dietary supplements. [1] The human body requires vitamin K for post-synthesis modification of certain proteins that are required for blood coagulation ("K" from Danish koagulation, for "coagulation") or for controlling binding of calcium in bones and other tissues. [2]
Jaundice, also known as icterus, is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and sclera due to high bilirubin levels. [3] [6] Jaundice in adults is typically a sign indicating the presence of underlying diseases involving abnormal heme metabolism, liver dysfunction, or biliary-tract obstruction. [7]
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Vitamin K 1-deficiency may occur by disturbed intestinal uptake (such as would occur in a bile duct obstruction), by therapeutic or accidental intake of a vitamin K 1-antagonist such as warfarin, or, very rarely, by nutritional vitamin K 1 deficiency. As a result, Gla-residues are inadequately formed and the Gla-proteins are insufficiently active.
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