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  2. Complex data type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_data_type

    Java does not have a standard complex number class, but there exist a number of incompatible free implementations of a complex number class: The Apache Commons Math library provides complex numbers for Java with its Complex class. The JScience library has a Complex number class. The JAS library allows the use of complex numbers.

  3. Comparison of programming languages (string functions)

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    Number of UTF-16 code units: Java (string-length string) Scheme (length string) Common Lisp, ISLISP (count string) Clojure: String.length string: OCaml: size string: Standard ML: length string: Number of Unicode code points Haskell: string.length: Number of UTF-16 code units Objective-C (NSString * only) string.characters.count: Number of ...

  4. String operations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_operations

    String homomorphisms are monoid morphisms on the free monoid, preserving the empty string and the binary operation of string concatenation. Given a language , the set () is called the homomorphic image of . The inverse homomorphic image of a string is defined as

  5. Complex number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_number

    A complex number can be visually represented as a pair of numbers (a, b) forming a vector on a diagram called an Argand diagram, representing the complex plane. Re is the real axis, Im is the imaginary axis, and i is the "imaginary unit", that satisfies i 2 = −1.

  6. String (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_(computer_science)

    The length of a string s is the number of symbols in s (the length of the sequence) and can be any non-negative integer; it is often denoted as |s|. The empty string is the unique string over Σ of length 0, and is denoted ε or λ. [25] [26] The set of all strings over Σ of length n is denoted Σ n. For example, if Σ = {0, 1}, then Σ 2 ...

  7. Modular form - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_form

    More conceptually, modular functions can be thought of as functions on the moduli space of isomorphism classes of complex elliptic curves. A modular form f that vanishes at q = 0 (equivalently, a 0 = 0, also paraphrased as z = i∞) is called a cusp form (Spitzenform in German). The smallest n such that a n ≠ 0 is the order of the zero of f ...

  8. Computational complexity theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_complexity...

    The instance is a number (e.g., 15) and the solution is "yes" if the number is prime and "no" otherwise (in this case, 15 is not prime and the answer is "no"). Stated another way, the instance is a particular input to the problem, and the solution is the output corresponding to the given input.

  9. Primitive data type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primitive_data_type

    Fixed-point number with a variety of precisions and a programmer-selected scale. Complex number in C99, Fortran, Common Lisp, Python, D, Go. This is two floating-point numbers, a real part and an imaginary part. Enumerated type sequence of names for allowed values; can improve readability and type checking. Rational number in Common Lisp