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Crystallographic Information File (CIF) is a standard text file format for representing crystallographic information, promulgated by the International Union of Crystallography (IUCr). CIF was developed by the IUCr Working Party on Crystallographic Information in an effort sponsored by the IUCr Commission on Crystallographic Data and the IUCr ...
In the first step the Fourier transform of the HREM image is calculated (only the amplitudes are shown). The position of the white ring marks the first crossover of the contrast transfer function (CTF) which is used to determine the defocus value (Δf = -650 Å). The reciprocal lattice is then indexed and amplitudes and phases are extracted.
The CIF format is the standard file format for the exchange and archiving of crystallographic data. [1] It was adopted by the International Union of Crystallography , who also provides full specifications of the format. [2] It is supported by all major crystallographic databases.
The transfer function of a two-port electronic circuit, such as an amplifier, might be a two-dimensional graph of the scalar voltage at the output as a function of the scalar voltage applied to the input; the transfer function of an electromechanical actuator might be the mechanical displacement of the movable arm as a function of electric ...
The contrast transfer function determines how much phase signal gets transmitted to the real space wavefunction in the image plane. As the modulus squared of the real space wavefunction gives the image signal, the contrast transfer function limits how much information can ultimately be translated into an image. The form of the contrast transfer ...
The primary file format for CSD structure deposition, adopted around 1991, is the "Crystallographic Information file" format, CIF. [16] The deposited CSD files can be downloaded in the CIF format. The validated and curated CSD files can be exported in a wide range of formats, including CIF, MOL, Mol2, PDB, SHELX and XMol, using tools in the CSD ...
For a two dimensional phase retrieval problem, there is a degeneracy of solutions as () and its conjugate () have the same Fourier modulus. This leads to "image twinning" in which the phase retrieval algorithm stagnates producing an image with features of both the object and its conjugate. [3]
Crystallography is the branch of science devoted to the study of molecular and crystalline structure and properties. [1] The word crystallography is derived from the Ancient Greek word κρύσταλλος ( krústallos ; "clear ice, rock-crystal"), and γράφειν ( gráphein ; "to write"). [ 2 ]