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Length between perpendiculars – The distance between where the forward part cuts the waterline and the rudder post of the ship. Length Overall (LOA) – The maximum length of the ship between the ship's extreme points; important for berthing purposes. Length at Waterline (LWL) – The ship's length measured at the waterline.
Graphical representation of the dimensions used to describe a ship. Length between perpendiculars (often abbreviated as p/p, p.p., pp, LPP, LBP or Length BPP) is the length of a ship along the summer load line from the forward surface of the stem, or main bow perpendicular member, to the after surface of the sternpost, or main stern perpendicular member.
Length is commonly understood to mean the most extended dimension of a fixed object. [1] However, this is not always the case and may depend on the position the object is in. Various terms for the length of a fixed object are used, and these include height, which is vertical length or vertical extent, width, breadth, and depth.
Horses are used to measure distances in horse racing – a horse length (shortened to merely a length when the context makes it obvious) equals roughly 8 feet or 2.4 metres. Shorter distances are measured in fractions of a horse length; also common are measurements of a full or fraction of a head, a neck, or a nose. [10]
The beam of many monohull vessels can be calculated using the following formula: = + Where LOA is Length OverAll and all lengths are in feet. Some examples: For a standard 27 ft (8.2 m) yacht: the cube root of 27 is 3, 3 squared is 9 plus 1 = 10. The beam of many 27 ft monohulls is 10 ft (3.05 m).
From these figures for the size of a Biblical ell, that of the basic unit—the finger-breadth (Etzba)—can be calculated to be either 2.1 or 2.2 cm (0.83 or 0.87 in); Rav Avraham Chaim Naeh approximates at 2 cm (0.79 in); Talmudic scholar Chazon Ish at 2.38 cm (0.94 in).
Length overall (LOA, o/a, o.a. or oa) is the maximum length of a vessel's hull measured parallel to the waterline. This length is important while docking the ship.
The distance from (x 0, y 0) to this line is measured along a vertical line segment of length |y 0 - (-c/b)| = |by 0 + c| / |b| in accordance with the formula. Similarly, for vertical lines ( b = 0) the distance between the same point and the line is | ax 0 + c | / | a |, as measured along a horizontal line segment.