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The maxillary branch passes external to, but immediately adjacent to, the lateral wall of the sinus. [1] The optic nerve lies just above and outside the cavernous sinus, superior and lateral to the pituitary gland on each side, and enters the orbital apex via the optic canal.
lateral wall of the cavernous sinus superomedially; clivus medially; posterior petrous face inferolaterally; Within the dural confines of the trigeminal cave, there is a continuation of subarachnoid space along the posterior aspect of the cave, representing a continuation of the cerebral basal cisterns. [1]
The petrolingual ligament lies at the posteroinferior aspect of the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus and marks the point at which the internal carotid artery enters the cavernous sinus. Anatomically, the petrolingual ligament demarcates two of the segments of the internal carotid artery:
The anterior petroclinoid ligament acts to laterally limit the superior wall of the cavernous sinus. The posterior petroclinoid ligament limits the posterior wall of the cavernous sinus. The angle between the two ligaments varies from 20 to 55 degrees. [3] [4] Anatomical Relations and Clinical significance:
The anterior clinoid process is a pyramid-shaped bony projection of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone and forms part of the lateral wall of the optic canal. Between each ACP lies the sella turcica, which holds the pituitary gland. Additionally, the ACP is part of the anterior roof of the cavernous sinus. The posterior and inferior portions ...
Infections of the infratemporal space are rare. They may be significant however, as it is possible for infection to spread via emissary veins from the pterygoid plexus to the cavernous sinus, which may result in cavernous sinus thrombosis, a rare but life-threatening condition. [2]
From the red nucleus fibers then pass via the substantia nigra [citation needed] to emerge from the substance of the brainstem at the oculomotor sulcus (a groove on the lateral wall of the interpeduncular fossa). [2] On emerging from the brainstem, the nerve is invested with a sheath of pia mater, and enclosed in a prolongation from the arachnoid.
In neuroanatomy, the maxillary nerve (V 2) is one of the three branches or divisions of the trigeminal nerve, the fifth (CN V) cranial nerve.It comprises the principal functions of sensation from the maxilla, nasal cavity, sinuses, the palate and subsequently that of the mid-face, [1] and is intermediate, both in position and size, between the ophthalmic nerve and the mandibular nerve.