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The median nerve is a nerve in humans and other animals in the upper limb. It is one of the five main nerves originating from the brachial plexus.. The median nerve originates from the lateral and medial cords of the brachial plexus, [1] and has contributions from ventral roots of C6-C7 (lateral cord) and C8 and T1 (medial cord).
The ulnar nerve is exclusively responsible for the innervations of the hypothenar eminence. Both nerves contribute to the innervations of the midpalmar group. [8] The innervation of these muscles by the median nerve is unusual, as most of the intrinsic muscles on the palm of the hand are supplied by the ulnar nerve.
The median nerve innervates the flexors of the wrist and digits, the abductors and opponens of the thumb, the first and second lumbricals. The ulnar nerve innervates the remaining intrinsic muscles of the hand. [3] [4] All muscles of the hand are innervated by the brachial plexus (C5–T1) and can be classified by innervation: [1] [4] [5]
In the thenar eminence, the recurrent branch of the median nerve provides motor innervation to: [4] opponens pollicis muscle; abductor pollicis brevis muscle; superficial part of flexor pollicis brevis muscle; A separate, more proximal branch of the median nerve additionally provides motor innervation to the 1st and 2nd lumbricals of the hand.
The lateral root of median nerve is a source of the median nerve, originating off the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. [1] It is typically one of two nerve roots forming the median nerve, the other being the medial root, [1] although anatomical variations in which the median nerve instead has three or four nerve roots have been described in medical literature.
The median nerve enters the forearm between the two heads of the muscle, and is separated from the ulnar artery by the ulnar head. The muscle passes obliquely across the forearm, and ends in a flat tendon, which is inserted into a rough impression at the middle of the lateral surface of the body of the radius , just distal to the insertion of ...
Origin: Trapezium, flexor retinaculum: Insertion: Thumb, proximal phalanx: Artery: Superficial palmar arch: Nerve: Recurrent branch of the median nerve, deep branch of ulnar nerve (medial head) Actions: Flexes the thumb at the first metacarpophalangeal joint: Antagonist: Extensor pollicis longus and brevis: Identifiers; Latin: musculus flexor ...
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor tendon) as well as parts of the radius and ulna: Insertion: Anterior margins on the base of the middle phalanges of the four fingers: Artery: Radial artery: Nerve: Median nerve: Actions: Flexor of fingers (primarily at proximal interphalangeal joints) Antagonist: Extensor digitorum muscle ...