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Global distribution of major outcrops of carbonate rocks (mainly limestone, except evaporites). The English word karst was borrowed from German Karst in the late 19th century, [6] which entered German usage much earlier, [7] to describe a number of geological, geomorphological, and hydrological features found within the range of the Dinaric Alps, stretching from the northeastern corner of ...
Karst topography is a geological formation shaped by the dissolution of a layer or layers of soluble bedrock, usually carbonate rock such as limestone or dolomite, but also in gypsum. [1] It has also been documented for weathering -resistant rocks, such as quartzite , given the right conditions. [ 2 ]
Glaciokarst is a geological term that refers to a specific type of karst landscape that has been influenced significantly by past glacial activity. [1] Karst landscapes consist of distinctive surface and subsurface landforms. These landforms are a result of the dissolution of soluble rocks like limestone, gypsum or dolomite by water. [2]
The solubility of the limestone in weakly acidic water has resulted in the development of a wide range of surface karst features such as limestone pavements, dry valleys, sinkholes and resurgences along with very extensive cave networks including the Three Counties System which, with over 86km of known passage, is the longest in the UK. [9]
A polje, also called karst polje or karst field, [1] [2] [3] is a large flat plain found in karstic geological regions of the world, with areas usually in the range of 5–400 km 2 (2–154 sq mi). The name derives from the Slavic languages , [ 4 ] [ 5 ] where polje literally means 'field', whereas in English polje specifically refers to a ...
Karstosphere (karst and Ancient Greek: σφαῖρα "sphere") is a geosphere of the karst processes; part of the lithosphere. [1] This is distinctly developed on continental platforms. It represents the Earth's broken shell occupying 35% of its surface and embracing vast areas of continents , as well as a considerable part their underwater ...
Gully – Landform created by running water and/or mass movement eroding sharply into soil; Guyot – Isolated, flat-topped underwater volcano mountain; Hanging valley – A tributary valley that meets the main valley above the valley floor; Headland – Landform extending into a body of water, often with significant height and drop
A limestone pavement is a natural karst landform consisting of a flat, incised surface of exposed limestone that resembles an artificial pavement. [1] The term is mainly used in the UK and Ireland, where many of these landforms have developed distinctive surface patterning resembling paving blocks. [ 2 ]