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The recurrent laryngeal nerves control all intrinsic muscles of the larynx except for the cricothyroid muscle. [15] [a] These muscles act to open, close, and adjust the tension of the vocal cords, and include the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles, the only muscle to open the vocal cords.
Sensory innervation to the glottis and laryngeal vestibule is by the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve innervates the cricothyroid muscle. Motor innervation to all other muscles of the larynx and sensory innervation to the subglottis is by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. While ...
The posterior cricoarytenoid muscle receives motor innervation from (the anterior division of) the recurrent laryngeal nerve (itself a branch of the vagus nerve (CN X)). [2] [5] Different parts of the muscle (such as the medial and lateral muscle bellies) are often innervated by separate branches. [2] There may be 1-6 branches, but are usually 2-3.
The external laryngeal nerve is the smaller, external branch. It descends on the larynx, beneath the sternothyroid muscle, to supply the cricothyroid muscle.The external branch functions to stretch the vocal cords by activating the cricothyroid muscle, increasing pitch.
The lateral cricoarytenoid (also anterior cricoarytenoid) is an intrinsic muscle of the larynx. It attaches at the cricoid cartilage anteriorly, and at the arytenoid cartilage of the same side posteriorly. It is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. It acts to close the rima glottidis, thus closing the airway.
The plexus provides motor innervation to most muscles of the soft palate (all but the tensor veli palatini muscle) and most muscles of the pharynx (all but the stylopharyngeus muscle). [1] The larynx meanwhile receives motor innervation from the vagus nerve (CN X) via its external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and its recurrent ...
The cricothyroid muscle is the only tensor muscle of the larynx aiding with phonation. It is innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve. It is innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve. Its action tilts the thyroid forward to help tense the vocal cords , thus increasing the pitch of the voice.
The aryepiglottic muscle or aryepiglotticus muscle, often considered the aryepiglottic part of oblique arytenoid muscle, is an intrinsic muscle of the larynx. [1] It is a direct continuation of a portion of the fibers of the oblique arytenoid muscle, sharing its innervation and blood supply, after these select fibers travel laterally around the arytenoid apex to the aryepiglottic fold.