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  2. Oxychlorination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxychlorination

    As can be seen in the following reaction, 1,2-dichloroethane is cracked: ClCH 2 CH 2 Cl → CH 2 =CHCl + HCl. The HCl from this cracking process is recycled by oxychlorination in order to reduce the consumption of raw material HCl (or Cl 2, if direct chlorination of ethylene is chosen as main way to produce 1,2-dichloroethane). [3]

  3. Hydrogen chloride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_chloride

    Cl 2 + H 2 → 2 HCl. As the reaction is exothermic, the installation is called an HCl oven or HCl burner. The resulting hydrogen chloride gas is absorbed in deionized water, resulting in chemically pure hydrochloric acid. This reaction can give a very pure product, e.g. for use in the food industry. The reaction can also be triggered by blue ...

  4. Mannheim process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannheim_process

    The process involves intermediate formation of sodium bisulfate, an exothermic reaction that occurs at room temperature: NaCl + H 2 SO 4 → HCl + NaHSO 4. The second step of the process is endothermic, requiring energy input: NaCl + NaHSO 4 → HCl + Na 2 SO 4. Temperatures in the range 600-700 °C are required. [5]

  5. Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton-exchange_membrane...

    A proton exchange membrane fuel cell transforms the chemical energy liberated during the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to electrical energy, as opposed to the direct combustion of hydrogen and oxygen gases to produce thermal energy. A stream of hydrogen is delivered to the anode side of the MEA.

  6. Oxy-fuel combustion process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxy-fuel_combustion_process

    However, oxy-fuel is a viable alternative to removing CO 2 from the flue gas from a conventional air-fired fossil fuel plant. However, an oxygen concentrator might be able to help, as it simply removes nitrogen. In industries other than power generation, oxy-fuel combustion can be competitive due to higher sensible heat availability. Oxy-fuel ...

  7. Fuel cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_cell

    A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel (often hydrogen) and an oxidizing agent (often oxygen) [1] into electricity through a pair of redox reactions. [2] Fuel cells are different from most batteries in requiring a continuous source of fuel and oxygen (usually from air) to sustain the chemical reaction ...

  8. Stoichiometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoichiometry

    In the combustion reaction, oxygen reacts with the fuel, and the point where exactly all oxygen is consumed and all fuel burned is defined as the stoichiometric point. With more oxygen (overstoichiometric combustion), some of it stays unreacted. Likewise, if the combustion is incomplete due to lack of sufficient oxygen, fuel remains unreacted.

  9. Cellular respiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_respiration

    The reactions involved in respiration are catabolic reactions, which break large molecules into smaller ones, producing large amounts of energy (ATP). Respiration is one of the key ways a cell releases chemical energy to fuel cellular activity. The overall reaction occurs in a series of biochemical steps, some of which are redox reactions.