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In early 1671 Gregory discovered something like the general Maclaurin series and sent a letter to Collins including series for , , , (the integral of ), (+) (the integral of sec, the inverse Gudermannian function), (), and (the Gudermannian function). However, thinking that he had merely redeveloped a method by Newton ...
In mathematics, the integral test for convergence is a method used to test infinite series of monotonic terms for convergence. It was developed by Colin Maclaurin and Augustin-Louis Cauchy and is sometimes known as the Maclaurin–Cauchy test .
For any real x, Newton's method can be used to compute erfi −1 x, and for −1 ≤ x ≤ 1, the following Maclaurin series converges: = = + +, where c k is defined as above. Asymptotic expansion
In mathematics, the Euler–Maclaurin formula is a formula for the difference between an integral and a closely related sum. It can be used to approximate integrals by finite sums, or conversely to evaluate finite sums and infinite series using integrals and the machinery of calculus .
A difference engine is an automatic mechanical calculator designed to tabulate polynomial functions. It was designed in the 1820s, and was first created by Charles Babbage . The name difference engine is derived from the method of finite differences , a way to interpolate or tabulate functions by using a small set of polynomial co-efficients.
The Maclaurin series of the logarithm function (+) is conditionally convergent for x = 1. The Riemann series theorem states that if a series converges conditionally, it is possible to rearrange the terms of the series in such a way that the series converges to any value, or even diverges.
This visualization also explains why integration by parts may help find the integral of an inverse function f −1 (x) when the integral of the function f(x) is known. Indeed, the functions x(y) and y(x) are inverses, and the integral ∫ x dy may be calculated as above from knowing the integral ∫ y dx.
A Laurent series is a generalization of the Taylor series, allowing terms with negative exponents; it takes the form = and converges in an annulus. [6] In particular, a Laurent series can be used to examine the behavior of a complex function near a singularity by considering the series expansion on an annulus centered at the singularity.