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Zamzama Gun on display in Lahore. The Zamzama Gun (Urdu: زمزمہ, meaning 'thunder' or 'roar', sometimes written "Zam-Zammah" or "Zam-Zammeh") also known as Kim's Gun or Bhangianwali Toap, is a large-bore cannon. It was cast in about 1757 [1] in Lahore (present-day Pakistan) during the Durrani Empire.
Maharaja Ranjit Singh sent a large cannon named Zamzama. Though in name, the army was commanded by Kharak Singh but actual command was in the hand of Military genius Misr Diwan Chand. The Maharaja directed his son to pay full attention to the advice of Misr Diwan Chand [4]
Zamzama is a type of Alankar [citation needed]) and part of the note ornamentation in Indian classical music. Like a khatka , another type of Alankara , zamzama is a cluster of notes , which is used by the musician to embellish the landing note.
Zamzama, a cannon outside Lahore Museum, immortalized by Rudyard Kipling in his novel Kim Zamzama (music) , note ornamentation in Indian classical music Zem Zem Springs , California (named after the well)
In 1818, the armies of Kharak Singh and Misr Diwan Chand lay around Multan without making much initial headway, until Ranjit Singh dispatched the massive Zamzama cannon, which quickly led to disintegration of the Multan's defences. [79] Misr Diwan Chand led Sikh armies to a decisive victory over Muzaffar Khan.
However, in 1805, Ranjit Singh demanded that Mai Sukhan's Bhangi Misl give-up possession of the zamzama cannon and bestow it upon him. [3] Jodh Singh secrely supported Mai Sukhan against Ranjit Singh by sending 300 warriors to strengthen her defence against Ranjit. [3]
The cannon bears two Persian inscriptions. The front one reads: "By the order of the Emperor [Ahmad Shah], DuriDurran, Shah Wali Khan wazir made the gun named Zamzama or the Taker of Strongholds." And the longer versified inscription reads: "A destroyer even of the strongholds of the heaven."
Ahmad Shah Durrani returned to Kabul leaving his forces led by his son Timur Shah Durrani consolidating themselves inside the garrisons of Lahore where they founded the Zamzama cannon with the assistance of Mughal Metalsmiths. He was supported by Mohammad Bahawal Khan II (Nawab Amir of Bhawalpur) and Muhammad Nasir Khan I (Khanate of Kalat). [9]