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Aerosol droplets produced by flushing the toilet can mix with the air of the room, [8] larger droplets will settle on surfaces or objects creating fomites (infectious pools) before they can dry, like on a counter top or toothbrush; [7] [10] and can contaminate surfaces such as the toilet seat and handle for hours, which can then be contacted by hands of the next user of that toilet. [3]
Pour-flush pit latrine schematic showing squatting pan with water seal. In a pour-flush pit latrine, a squatting or pedestal toilet with a water seal (U-trap or siphon) is used over one or two offset pits. These types of toilets do require water for flushing but otherwise share many of the same characteristics as simple pit latrines.
The humble dry toilet and a large-scale urban sewage system may be at opposite ends of the spectrum, but they are both solutions to the same problem. “So many people get so excited about this ...
A dry toilet (or non-flush toilet, no flush toilet or toilet without a flush) is a toilet which, unlike a flush toilet, does not use flush water. [20] Dry toilets do not use water to move excreta along or block odors. [21] They do not produce sewage, and are not connected to a sewer system or septic tank. Instead, excreta falls through a drop ...
A flush toilet (also known as a flushing toilet, water closet (WC); see also toilet names) is a toilet that disposes of human waste (i.e., urine and feces) by collecting it in a bowl and then using the force of water to channel it ("flush" it) through a drainpipe to another location for treatment, either nearby or at a communal facility.
A toilet rim block is a substance in the shape of a block that is used in flush toilets, which slowly dissolves in water. The blocks usually come in a small holder that is attached over the rim of a toilet and hangs down into the bowl, so as the toilet gets flushed, the water passes through the holder coming into contact with the block.
A dual flush toilet; note the two buttons at the top of the cistern. A dual flush toilet is a variation of the flush toilet that uses two buttons or a handle mechanism to flush different amounts of water. The purpose of this mechanism is to reduce the volume of water used to flush different types of waste.
A low-flush toilet (or low-flow toilet or high-efficiency toilet) is a flush toilet that uses significantly less water than traditional high-flow toilets. Before the early 1990s in the United States, standard flush toilets typically required at least 3.5 gallons (13.2 litres) per flush and they used float valves that often leaked, increasing their total water use.