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This led to the term "Meaningless Indicator of Processor Speed," [5] or less commonly, "Meaningless Indices of Performance," [6] being popular amongst technical people by the mid-1980s. For this reason, MIPS has become not a measure of instruction execution speed, but task performance speed compared to a reference.
v is the execution speed of the task; T is the execution time of the task; W is the execution workload of the task. Throughput of an architecture is the execution rate of a task: = = =, where ρ is the execution density (e.g., the number of stages in an instruction pipeline for a pipelined architecture);
While early generations of CPUs carried out all the steps to execute an instruction sequentially, modern CPUs can do many things in parallel. As it is impossible to just keep doubling the speed of the clock, instruction pipelining and superscalar processor design have evolved so CPUs can use a variety of execution units in parallel - looking ahead through the incoming instructions in order to ...
Multiple threads can interfere with each other when sharing hardware resources such as caches or translation lookaside buffers (TLBs). As a result, execution times of a single thread are not improved and can be degraded, even when only one thread is executing, due to lower frequencies or additional pipeline stages that are necessary to accommodate thread-switching hardware.
Execution in computer and software engineering is the process by which a computer or virtual machine interprets and acts on the instructions of a computer program.Each instruction of a program is a description of a particular action which must be carried out, in order for a specific problem to be solved.
Outside of specific contexts, computer performance is estimated in terms of accuracy, efficiency and speed of executing computer program instructions. When it comes to high computer performance, one or more of the following factors might be involved: Short response time for a given piece of work.
Fetching the instruction opcodes from program memory well in advance is known as prefetching and it is served by using a prefetch input queue (PIQ). The pre-fetched instructions are stored in a queue. The fetching of opcodes well in advance, prior to their need for execution, increases the overall efficiency of the processor boosting its speed ...
The clock rate of a CPU is limited by the time it takes to execute the slowest sub-operation of any instruction; decreasing that cycle-time often accelerates the execution of other instructions. [46] The focus on "reduced instructions" led to the resulting machine being called a "reduced instruction set computer" (RISC).