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Because archival description privileges intellectual content in context, descriptive rules apply equally to all records, regardless of format or carrier type. Records, agents, activities, and the relationships between them are the four fundamental concepts that constitute archival description. Archival description must be clear about what ...
ISAD(G) (General International Standard Archival Description) defines the elements that should be included in an archival finding aid. It was approved by the International Council on Archives (ICA/CIA) as an international framework standard to register archival documents produced by corporations, persons and families.
A bibliographic description represents an individual published item, is based on and derived from the physical item, and is thus considered item-level. [3] Archival description, by contrast, represents a collection, or a fonds, often containing individual items of various media, sharing a common origin, or provenance. [12]
At the highest level of description, a group of records from the same source is called a fonds (/fõː/)—or in some cases, "record group" or "papers". For example, the archival collection of Roxana Ng's records is called "Roxana Ng fonds". Going from the general to the specific, a fonds may be subdivided into series and subseries.
Archival science, or archival studies, is the study and theory of building and curating archives, which are collections of documents, recordings, photographs and various other materials in physical or digital formats. To build and curate an archive, one must acquire and evaluate the materials, and be able to access them later.
The archival descriptions include information on traditional paper holdings, electronic records, and artifacts. [36] As of December 2012, [update] the catalog consisted of about 10 billion logical data records describing 527,000 artifacts and encompassing 81% of NARA's records. [ 37 ]
The Rules for Archival Description (RAD) is the Canadian archival descriptive standard. It provides a set of rules based on traditional archival principles, whose purpose is to provide a consistent and commonly shared descriptive foundation for describing archival materials within a given fonds. [ 1 ]
The first step in archival processing is to survey the collection. The goal of a survey is to gain an understanding of the originator, determine the context of the creation of the collection, to observe the material's overall size and scope, to ascertain if the collection has access limitations, to locate any existing finding aids submitted with the collection, and to discover any underlying ...