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Vibrio cholerae is a species of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe and comma-shaped bacteria. [1] The bacteria naturally live in brackish or saltwater where they attach themselves easily to the chitin -containing shells of crabs, shrimp, and other shellfish.
Vibrio cholerae str. El Tor El Tor is a particular strain of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae , the causative agent of cholera . Also known as V. cholerae biotype eltor, it has been the dominant strain in the seventh global cholera pandemic .
Cholera (/ ˈ k ɒ l ər ə /) is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. [4] [3] Symptoms may range from none, to mild, to severe. [3]The classic symptom is large amounts of watery diarrhea lasting a few days. [2]
Vibrio vulnificus is a species of Gram-negative, motile, curved rod-shaped (vibrio), pathogenic bacteria of the genus Vibrio. Present in marine environments such as estuaries, brackish ponds, or coastal areas, V. vulnificus is related to V. cholerae, the causative agent of cholera. [3] At least one strain of V. vulnificus is bioluminescent. [4]
TCBS agar plate of Vibrio Cholerae (left) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (right) Several species of Vibrio are pathogens. [15] Most disease-causing strains are associated with gastroenteritis, but can also infect open wounds and cause sepsis. [16]
CTXφ is generally present and integrated into the genome of the V. cholerae bacterium, and more rarely in a virion from outside the bacterium. While integrated into the bacterial genome, CTX prophages are found on each of the two chromosomes (in the O1 serogroup of V. cholerae) or arranged in tandem on the larger chromosome (in the El Tor biotype of V. cholerae). [2]
[1] [6] Vibrio cholerae, can also commonly cause vibriosis, though only those strains that do not produce cholera-specific toxins: non-O 1 or non-O 139. [9] Bacteria that produce these toxins are classified by the World Health Organization as causing cholera, which is a more severe disease. [1]
Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection caused by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.Most commonly the contamination of food or water occurs via faecal matter, and the infection is spread through the faecal-oral route.