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Irenaeus declares it one of the works of the disciples of "Valentinus", and the similarity of the work to others thought to be by Valentinus and his followers has made many scholars agree. [3] But the followers of Valentinus, putting away all fear, bring forward their own compositions and boast that they have more Gospels than really exist.
Valentinus (Greek: Οὐαλεντῖνος; c. 100 – c. 180 CE) was the best known and, for a time, most successful early Christian Gnostic theologian. [1] He founded his school in Rome. According to Tertullian, Valentinus was a candidate for bishop but started his own group when another was chosen. [2]
Valentinus was said to have been a prolific writer; however, the only surviving remains of his work come from quotes that have been transmitted by Clement of Alexandria, Hippolytus and Marcellus of Ancyra. Most scholars also believe that Valentinus wrote the Gospel of Truth, one of the Nag Hammadi texts. [4]
The Apocryphon of James (The Secret Book of James) 1–16: Ap. Jas. The title is based on the content of the text, which takes the form of a letter from James to an addressee whose name is not mentioned. Most of the text is a dialogue between Jesus and the unnamed apostles. 03: 3: The Gospel of Truth: 16–43: Gos. Truth
Heracleon, Fragments from his Commentary on the Gospel of John, mentioned in Origen (Commentary on the Gospel of John) Naassene Fragment mentioned in Hippolytus (Ref. 5.7.2–9). Ophite Diagrams mentioned in Celsus and Origen; Ptolemy's Commentary on the Gospel of John Prologue, mentioned in Irenaeus. [2] Ptolemy's Letter to Flora, mentioned in ...
While Eusebius of Caesarea mentions that Valentinus taught a trinity in his work 'on the three natures', this was likely a trinity of natures in one godhead rather than three persons. Paul Linjamaa argues that ethically, the Tripartite Tractate is "an example of early Christian determinism."
Gospel of Jesus' Wife – modern forgery based on the Gospel of Thomas [15] [16] Papyrus Berolinensis 1171, Book of Enoch 0-6th century Greek fragment, possibly from an apocryphal gospel or amulet based on John; Papyrus Cairensis 10735 – 6th or 7th century Greek fragment, possibly from a lost gospel, may be a homily or commentary
Pauline Christianity or Pauline theology (also Paulism or Paulanity), [2] otherwise referred to as Gentile Christianity, [3] is the theology and form of Christianity which developed from the beliefs and doctrines espoused by the Hellenistic-Jewish Apostle Paul through his writings and those New Testament writings traditionally