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Some people consider it best to use person-first language, for example "a person with a disability" rather than "a disabled person." [1] However identity-first language, as in "autistic person" or "deaf person", is preferred by many people and organizations. [2] Language can influence individuals' perception of disabled people and disability. [3]
The term developmental language disorder (DLD) was endorsed in a consensus study involving a panel of experts (CATALISE Consortium) in 2017. [3] The study was conducted in response to concerns that a wide range of terminology was used in this area, with the consequence that there was poor communication, lack of public recognition, and in some cases children were denied access to services.
Specific dysarthrias include spastic (resulting from bilateral damage to the upper motor neuron), flaccid (resulting from bilateral or unilateral damage to the lower motor neuron), ataxic (resulting from damage to cerebellum), unilateral upper motor neuron (presenting milder symptoms than bilateral UMN damage), hyperkinetic and hypokinetic ...
Specific language impairment (SLI) is diagnosed when a child's language does not develop normally and the difficulties cannot be accounted for by generally slow development, physical abnormality of the speech apparatus, autism spectrum disorder, apraxia, acquired brain damage or hearing loss. Twin studies have shown that it is under genetic ...
The following is a list of language disorders. A language disorder is a condition defined as a condition that limits or altogether stops natural speech . A language disorder may be neurological, physical, or psychological in origin.
Flaccid dysarthria is a motor speech disorder resulting from damage to peripheral nervous system (cranial or spinal nerves) or lower motor neuron system. Depending on which nerves are damaged, flaccid dysarthria affects respiration, phonation, resonance, and articulation. It also causes weakness, hypotonia (low-muscle tone), and diminished ...
Language disorders can affect both spoken and written language, [1] and can also affect sign language; typically, all forms of language will be impaired. Current data indicates that 7% of young children display language disorder, [2] [3] with boys being diagnosed twice as often as girls. [4]
Manual language with its own syntax and grammar, used primarily by people who are deaf. Aphasia Total or partial loss of the ability to use or understand language; usually caused by stroke, brain disease, or injury. Aphonia Complete loss of voice. Apraxia Inability to execute a voluntary movement despite being able to demonstrate normal muscle ...