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The lacuna are situated between the lamellae, and consist of a number of oblong spaces. In an ordinary microscopic section, viewed by transmitted light, they appear as fusiform opaque spots. Each lacuna is occupied during life by a branched cell, termed an osteocyte, bone-cell or bone-corpuscle.
Diagram of a typical long bone showing both cortical (compact) and cancellous (spongy) bone. Haversian canals [i] (sometimes canals of Havers, osteonic canals or central canals) are a series of microscopic tubes in the outermost region of bone called cortical bone. They allow blood vessels and nerves to travel through them to supply the osteocytes.
The Haversian canal contains the bone's blood supplies. The boundary of an osteon is the cement line. Each Haversian canal is surrounded by varying number (5-20) of concentrically arranged lamellae of bone matrix. Near the surface of the compact bone, the lamellae are arranged parallel to the surface; these are called circumferential lamellae.
In cartilage, the lacunae and hence, the chondrocytes, are isolated from each other. Materials picked up by osteocytes adjacent to blood vessels are distributed throughout the bone matrix via the canaliculi. Diameter of canaliculi in human bone is approximately 200 to 900 nm. [1]
In fish, gill lamellae are used to increase the surface area in contact with the environment to maximize gas exchange (both to attain oxygen and to expel carbon dioxide) between the water and the blood. [3] In fish gills, there are two types of lamellae, primary and secondary. The primary gill lamellae (also called gill filament) extends from ...
Finally, the joint capsule matures and forms a cavity, with a central meniscus, and an encasement of synovium. [9] This final structure will form several distinct layers of the articular cartilage found in all synovial joints including the deep zone (closest to the bone), middle zone, and superficial zone (closest to the synovial fluid).
Volkmann's canals, also known as perforating holes or channels, are anatomic arrangements in cortical bones that allow blood vessels to enter the bones from periosteum.They interconnect the Haversian canals (running inside osteons) with each other and the periosteum.
Lamina is a general anatomical term meaning "plate" or "layer". [1] It is used in both gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy to describe structures.. Some examples include: The laminae of the thyroid cartilage: two leaf-like plates of cartilage that make up the walls of the structure.