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Rainforests and vine thickets have a present extent of 36,469 km 2, of which 22,694 km 2 is in protected areas. [1] Rainforests and vine thickets are present in 36 of Australia's bioregions. The largest extent of rainforest in Australia is in the Queensland tropical rain forests ecoregion (Wet Tropics bioregion).
Tropical rainforests have been called the "jewels of the Earth" and the "world's largest pharmacy", because over one quarter of natural medicines have been discovered there. [2] Rainforests as well as endemic rainforest species are rapidly disappearing due to deforestation, the resulting habitat loss and pollution of the atmosphere. [3]
In version 6.0 there are 33 Major Vegetation Groups, including some groups representing absence of knowledge or absence of vegetation: Rainforests and Vine Thickets
The Amazon rainforest alongside the Solimões River, a tropical rainforest. These forests are the most biodiverse and productive ecosystems in the world. Proportion and distribution of global forest area by climatic domain, 2020 [1] A forest is an ecosystem characterized by a dense community of trees. [2]
A portion of the temperate rain forest region of North America, the largest area of temperate zone rainforests on the planet, is the Pacific temperate rain forests ecoregion, which occur on west-facing coastal mountains along the Pacific coast of North America, from Kodiak Island in Alaska to northern California, and are part of the Nearctic realm.
In northern Idaho rainforest patches along the Clearwater River, a mean annual temperature of 5.4°C has been measured. [8] In British Columbian Inland rainforest areas, the mean annual temperature ranges from 2.7 to 4.5°C. In the coldest months, the mean temperature of these region lies between -8 and -9.5°C. [9]
Rainforests and vine thickets cover smaller areas, concentrated along the east coast, and represent 20% of Australia's total. [11] Rainforests and vine thickets are of several different types, which vary with climate and soils.
The rainforest flora includes evergreen, semi-evergreen, and deciduous trees, and the species mix varies with conditions. Woody vines are abundant, and climb into the tree canopy. Allosyncarpia ternata is a characteristic tree of the Arnhem Land rainforests. Tall-canopied littoral forests and vine thickets are found near the coast.