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An antiemetic is a drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea. Antiemetics are typically used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of opioid analgesics, general anaesthetics, and chemotherapy directed against cancer. They may be used for severe cases of gastroenteritis, especially if the patient is dehydrated. [1] [2]
5-HT 3 receptor antagonists or serotonin antagonists were first introduced in the early 1990s, and they have become the most widely used antiemetic drugs in chemotherapy. [29] They have also been proven safe and effective for treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting. [30]
Metopimazine is an approved prescription drug in France under the brand name Vogalene® [8] that has been used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting. [9] Vogalene® is available under different forms, including 15 mg capsules, 7.5 mg orally disintegrating tablets, 5 mg suppository, 0.1% oral liquid, and a 10 mg/mL intravenous (IV) solution approved for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced ...
The antiemetic action of metoclopramide is due to its antagonist activity at D 2 receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the brain — this action prevents nausea and vomiting triggered by most stimuli. [34] At higher doses, 5-HT 3 antagonist activity may also contribute to the antiemetic effect. [35] [failed verification]
It has a central antiemetic action and effectively prevents postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults using doses as low as 0.625 mg. . For treatment of nausea and vomiting, droperidol and ondansetron are equally effective; droperidol is more effective than metoclopramide. [8]
Aprepitant, sold under the brand name Emend among others, is a medication used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting. [5] It may be used together with ondansetron and dexamethasone. [5] It is taken by mouth [5] or administered by intravenous injection. [3]