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Clastic sediments or sedimentary rocks are classified based on grain size, clast and cementing material composition, and texture. The classification factors are often useful in determining a sample's environment of deposition .
The Folk classification, in geology, is a technical descriptive classification of sedimentary rocks devised by Robert L. Folk, an influential sedimentary petrologist and Professor Emeritus at the University of Texas.
Uluru (Ayers Rock) is a large sandstone formation in Northern Territory, Australia.. Sedimentary rocks can be subdivided into four groups based on the processes responsible for their formation: clastic sedimentary rocks, biochemical (biogenic) sedimentary rocks, chemical sedimentary rocks, and a fourth category for "other" sedimentary rocks formed by impacts, volcanism, and other minor processes.
Shale – Fine-grained, clastic sedimentary rock; Siltstone – Sedimentary rock which has a grain size in the silt range; Sylvinite – Sedimentary rock made of a mechanical mixture of sylvite and halite; Tillite – Till which has been indurated or lithified by burial; Travertine – Form of limestone deposited by mineral springs
Grain size (or particle size) is the diameter of individual grains of sediment, or the lithified particles in clastic rocks. The term may also be applied to other granular materials . This is different from the crystallite size, which refers to the size of a single crystal inside a particle or grain.
The Espinaso Formation includes a wide variety of volcaniclastic materials. Volcaniclastics are geologic materials composed of broken fragments of volcanic rock. [1] These encompass all clastic volcanic materials, regardless of what process fragmented the rock, how it was subsequently transported, what environment it was deposited in, or whether nonvolcanic material is mingled with the ...
Conglomerate (/ k ən ˈ ɡ l ɒ m ər ɪ t /) is a sedimentary rock made up of rounded gravel-sized pieces of rock surrounded by finer-grained sediments (such as sand, silt, or clay). The larger fragments within conglomerate are called clasts, while the finer sediment surrounding the clasts is called the matrix.
This process causes clastic sediments (pieces of rock) or organic particles to settle and accumulate or for minerals to chemically precipitate from a solution. The particulate matter then undergoes compaction and cementation at moderate temperatures and pressures . [5]: 265–280 [15]: 147–154