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The tree branches out into three main groups: Bacteria (left branch, letters a to i), Archea (middle branch, letters j to p) and Eukaryota (right branch, letters q to z). Each letter corresponds to a group of organisms, listed below this description.
A pan-group or total group is a type of branch-based group where A and C are extant (living) taxa. Example (also a total group): The rodents consist of the first ancestor of the house mouse (A) that is not also an ancestor of the eastern cottontail rabbit (C) together with all descendants of that ancestor. Here, the ancestor of A (but not C) is ...
Haplogroup E1a is split into two main branches: E1a1 (E-M44) which has been mostly found in Europe, West Asia and among Ashkenazi Jews; and E1a2 (E-Z958) which has been exclusively identified in Sub-Saharan Africa. [17] Haplogroup E-M2 is the most prevalent subclade of E in Sub-Saharan Africa and is strongly associated with expansion of Bantu ...
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Child branches are branches that have a parent; a branch without a parent is referred to as the trunk or the mainline. [1] The trunk is also sometimes loosely referred to as HEAD, but properly head refers not to a branch, but to the most recent commit on a given branch, and both the trunk and each named branch has its own head.
The Ust'-Ishim man fossil of Siberia, dated ca. 45,000 years old, belongs to haplogroup R* (formerly classified as U*). [9] [10]Haplogroup R has also been observed among Egyptian mummies excavated at the Abusir el-Meleq archaeological site in Northern Egypt, which date from the Pre-Ptolemaic/late New Kingdom, Ptolemaic, and Roman periods.
These separate languages had completed the transition from animals to man, and, under the influence of each main branch of languages, humans had evolved as separate species, which could be subdivided into races. Haeckel divided human beings into ten races, of which the Caucasian was the highest and the primitives were doomed to extinction. [74]
C is the origin, A and B are derivatives of C, and D is the new output version. A three-way merge is performed after an automated difference analysis between a file "A" and a file "B" while also considering the origin, or common ancestor, of both files "C".