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The labor pain symptom is commonly known as sympathy pain. The source of Couvade syndrome is a matter of debate. Some believe it to be a psychosomatic condition, while others believe it may have biological causes relating to hormone changes. [2] The name derives from "couvade", a class of male pregnancy rituals.
Braxton Hicks contractions are often confused for labor. Braxton Hicks contractions allow the pregnant woman's body to prepare for labor. [1] However, the presence of Braxton Hicks contractions does not mean a woman is in labor or even that labor is about to commence. [1] Another common cause of pain in pregnancy is round ligament pain. Table 1.
Pain management during childbirth is the partial treatment and a way of reducing any pain that a woman may experience during labor and delivery.The amount of pain a woman feels during labor depends partly on the size and position of her baby, the size of her pelvis, her emotions, the strength of the contractions, and her outlook. [1]
In 2016, complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium resulted globally in 230,600 deaths, down from 377,000 deaths in 1990. The most common causes of maternal mortality are maternal bleeding, postpartum infections including sepsis, hypertensive diseases of pregnancy, obstructed labor, and unsafe abortion. [11] [12]
3. Severe Pain: Intense pain that is disproportionate to normal labor pain. 4. Fetal Distress: Signs like abnormal heart rate patterns detected via fetal monitoring. 5. Maternal Exhaustion: Extreme fatigue in the mother due to prolonged labor. 6. High Station: The baby’s head remains high in the pelvis and doesn’t descend despite strong ...
Hormonal changes throughout pregnancy also cause an increase in joint laxity further contributing to the development of PLBP and PGP. Predictors for the development of low-back and pelvic pain during pregnancy include strenuous work, prior lumbo-pelvic pain, and a history of pregnancy-related PGP and LBP.
The pain experienced during dilation is similar to that of menstruation (although markedly more intense), as period pains are thought to be due to the passing of endometrium through the cervix. Most of the pain during labor is caused by the uterus contracting to dilate the cervix.
An old cesarean scar may undergo dehiscence; with further labor the woman may experience abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding, though these signs are difficult to distinguish from normal labor. Often a deterioration of the fetal heart rate is a leading sign, but the cardinal sign of uterine rupture is loss of fetal station on manual vaginal exam.