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Industrial biological catalysis through enzymes has experienced rapid growth in recent years due to their ability to operate at mild conditions, and exceptional chiral and positional specificity, things that traditional chemical processes lack. [1] Isolated enzymes are typically used in hydrolytic and isomerization reactions.
Enzymes are used in the chemical industry and other industrial applications when extremely specific catalysts are required. Enzymes in general are limited in the number of reactions they have evolved to catalyze and also by their lack of stability in organic solvents and at high temperatures.
Enzyme catalysis is the increase in the rate of a process by an "enzyme", a biological molecule. Most enzymes are proteins, and most such processes are chemical reactions. Within the enzyme, generally catalysis occurs at a localized site, called the active site.
In biocatalytic processes, natural catalysts, such as enzymes, perform chemical transformations on organic compounds. Both enzymes that have been more or less isolated and enzymes still residing inside living cells are employed for this task.
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (i.e. accelerate) chemical reactions. They are natural catalysts and are ubiquitous, in plants, animals and microorganisms where they catalyze processes that are vital to living organisms. They are intimately involved in numerous biotechnological processes, such as cheese making, beer brewing and winemaking ...
Immobilized enzymes are used in various applications including: food, chemical, pharmaceutical, and medical industry. In the food industry for example, Immobilized enzymes are used for the manufacturing of several types of zero-calorie sweetners, Allulose for instance is an epimer of fructose , which is different structurally, resulting in it ...
Enzymes are listed here by their classification in the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology's Enzyme Commission (EC) numbering system: Category:Oxidoreductases (EC 1) ( Oxidoreductase )
A regulatory enzyme is an enzyme in a biochemical pathway which, through its responses to the presence of certain other biomolecules, regulates the pathway activity.This is usually done for pathways whose products may be needed in different amounts at different times, such as hormone production.