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Vanadium(V) chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula VCl 5. It is a black diamagnetic solid. The molecules adopt a bioctahedral structure similar to that of niobium(V) chloride .
Vanadium(III) chloride describes the inorganic compound with the formula VCl 3 and its hydrates. It forms a purple anhydrous form and a green hexahydrate [VCl 2 (H 2 O) 4 ]Cl·2H 2 O. These hygroscopic salts are common precursors to other vanadium(III) complexes and is used as a mild reducing agent .
From left: [V(H 2 O) 6] 2+ (lilac), [V(H 2 O) 6] 3+ (green), [VO(H 2 O) 5] 2+ (blue) and [VO(H 2 O) 5] 3+ (yellow).. Vanadium compounds are compounds formed by the element vanadium (V). The chemistry of vanadium is noteworthy for the accessibility of the four adjacent oxidation states 2–5, whereas the chemistry of the other group 5 elements, niobium and tantalum, are somewhat more limited to ...
Sodium chlorate can be used with hydrochloric acid (or also sulfuric acid and sodium chloride, the reaction of which generates HCl) to chlorinate aromatic compounds without the use of organic solvents. In this case its function is to oxidize the HCl to obtain either HOCl or Cl 2 (depending upon the pH) in-situ which are the active chlorinating ...
Vanadium chloride may refer to: Vanadium(II) chloride, VCl 2; Vanadium(III) chloride, VCl 3; Vanadium(IV) chloride, VCl 4; Vanadium(V) chloride, VCl 5
Similar to Pourbaix diagrams for the speciation of redox species as a function of the redox potential and the pH, ionic partition diagrams indicate in which phase an acid or a base is predominantly present in a biphasic system as a function of the Galvani potential difference between the two phases and the pH of the aqueous solution.
Biological substances can experience leaching themselves, [2] as well as be used for leaching as part of the solvent substance to recover heavy metals. [6] Many plants experience leaching of phenolics, carbohydrates, and amino acids, and can experience as much as 30% mass loss from leaching, [5] just from sources of water such as rain, dew, mist, and fog. [2]
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.