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In a mature flower, the perianth consists of a calyx (sepals) and the corolla it supports. A sepal (/ ˈ s ɛ p əl, ˈ s iː p əl /) [1] [2] [3] is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom. [4]
Collective term for the sepal s of one flower; the outer whorl of a flower, usually green. Compare corolla. calyx tube A tube formed by the fusion of the sepals (calyx), at least at the base. cambium Tissue layer that provides partially undifferentiated cells for plant growth. campanulate Bell-shaped. camptodromous
Magnolia grandiflora, a spiraled flower.. Depending on the family considered, the pieces of the flower can be arranged on the receptacle in two different ways. In the case of the spiral arrangement, the parts are inserted consecutively and at different levels, describing a spiral on the axis in the same way as the leaves are inserted on the stem.
A flower's anatomy, as defined by the presence of a series of organs (sepals, petals, stamens and carpels) positioned according to a given pattern, facilitate sexual reproduction in flowering plants. The flower arises from the activity of three classes of genes, which regulate floral development: [8]
A mature flower. In this example, the perianth is separated into a calyx (sepals) and corolla (petals) The perianth (perigonium, perigon or perigone in monocots) is the non-reproductive part of the flower, and structure that forms an envelope surrounding the sexual organs, consisting of the calyx (sepals) and the corolla (petals) or tepals when called a perigone.
A Lilium flower showing the six tepals: the outer three are sepals and the inner three are petals. Undifferentiated tepals are believed to be the ancestral condition in flowering plants . For example, Amborella , which is thought to have separated earliest in the evolution of flowering plants, [ 4 ] has flowers with undifferentiated tepals.
A floral diagram is a graphic representation of the structure of a flower. It shows the number of floral organs, their arrangement and fusion. Different parts of the flower are represented by their respective symbols. Floral diagrams are useful for flower identification or can help in understanding angiosperm evolution.
A petal often consists of two parts: the upper broader part, similar to a leaf blade, also called the blade; and the lower narrower part, similar to a leaf petiole, called the claw, [3] separated from each other at the limb. Claws are distinctly developed in petals of some flowers of the family Brassicaceae, such as Erysimum cheiri.