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Acute respiratory acidosis occurs when an abrupt failure of ventilation occurs. This failure in ventilation may be caused by depression of the central respiratory center by cerebral disease or drugs, inability to ventilate adequately due to neuromuscular disease (e.g., myasthenia gravis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, muscular dystrophy), or airway obstruction ...
Specific symptoms attributable to early hypercapnia are dyspnea (breathlessness), headache, confusion and lethargy. Clinical signs include flushed skin, full pulse (bounding pulse), rapid breathing, premature heart beats, muscle twitches, and hand flaps . The risk of dangerous irregularities of the heart beat is increased.
In individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and similar lung problems, the clinical features of oxygen toxicity are due to high carbon dioxide content in the blood (hypercapnia). [1] This leads to drowsiness (narcosis), deranged acid-base balance due to respiratory acidosis, and death. [2]
Symptoms: Ringing in the ears, nausea, abdominal pain, fast breathing rate [1] Complications: Swelling of the brain or lungs, seizures, low blood sugar, cardiac arrest [1] Diagnostic method: Early: Slightly elevated blood aspirin levels ~ 2.2 mmol/L (30 mg/dL, 300 mg/L), respiratory alkalosis [1] Late: Metabolic acidosis [1] Differential diagnosis
It can be associated with chronic respiratory acidosis. [2] If it occurs together with metabolic alkalosis (decreased blood acidity) it is often due to vomiting. It is usually the result of hyponatremia or elevated bicarbonate concentration. It occurs in cystic fibrosis. [citation needed]
In summary, the kidneys partially compensate for respiratory acidosis by raising blood bicarbonate. A high base excess, thus metabolic alkalosis, usually involves an excess of bicarbonate. It can be caused by Compensation for primary respiratory acidosis; Excessive loss of HCl in gastric acid by vomiting
Nervous system involvement may be seen with acidosis and occurs more often with respiratory acidosis than with metabolic acidosis. Signs and symptoms that may be seen in acidosis include headaches, confusion, feeling tired, tremors, sleepiness, flapping tremor, and dysfunction of the cerebrum of the brain which may progress to coma if there is ...
Nonspecific symptoms may include feeling tired, numbness and weakness. [11] Occasionally palpitations and shortness of breath may occur. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ] Hyperventilation may indicate a compensatory response to metabolic acidosis , which is one of the possible causes of hyperkalemia. [ 14 ]