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The PANDAS diagnosis and the hypothesis that symptoms in this subgroup of patients are caused by infection are disputed and unconfirmed. [ 12 ] [ 14 ] [ 21 ] [ 23 ] The cause is thought to be akin to that of Sydenham's chorea (SC), which is known to result from childhood group A streptococcal (GAS) infection leading to the autoimmune disorder ...
For example, bullying or peer victimization is most commonly studied in children and adolescents but also takes place between adults. [2] Although anyone may be victimized, particular groups (e.g. children, the elderly, individuals with disabilities) may be more susceptible to certain types of victimization and as a result to the symptoms and ...
Bell's death was largely reported in the media, starting discussions about bullying, the effect it has on youth, and gay bullying. The Huffington Post, [8] Salon, [9] Oregon Public Broadcasting, [10] GLAAD, [11] PQ Monthly, [12] PinkNews, [13] and many other media outlets reported on Bell's death. The media reported his suicide stemmed from ...
Psychological abuse, often known as emotional abuse or mental abuse or psychological violence or non-physical abuse, is a form of abuse characterized by a person subjecting or exposing another person to a behavior that may result in psychological trauma, including anxiety, chronic depression, clinical depression or post-traumatic stress disorder amongst other psychological problems.
Conduct disorder (CD) is a mental disorder diagnosed in childhood or adolescence that presents itself through a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that includes theft, lies, physical violence that may lead to destruction, and reckless breaking of rules, [2] in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate norms are violated.
In 2011, anthropologist Janice Harper suggested that some anti-bullying approaches effectively constitute a form of mobbing by using the label "bully" to dehumanize, encouraging people to shun and avoid people labeled bullies, and in some cases sabotage their work or refuse to work with them, while almost always calling for their exclusion and ...
A number of causes of physical abuse against children have been identified, the most common of which, according to Mash and Wolfe, being: [3] many abusive and neglectful parents have had little exposure to positive parental models and supports. [citation needed] there is often a greater degree of stress in the family environment. [citation needed]
The only unanimously accepted truth regarding anti-social behaviour is that parental guidance carries an undoubtedly strong influence; providing children with brief negative evaluations of violent characters helps to reduce violent effects in the individual.