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In the sixth century AD, suicide became a secular crime and began to be viewed as sinful. In the 13th century, Thomas Aquinas denounced suicide as an act against God and as a sin for which one could not repent. In 1533, those who died by suicide while accused of a crime were denied a Christian burial. In 1562, all suicides were punished in this ...
Thomas Aquinas OP (/ ə ˈ k w aɪ n ə s / ⓘ ə-KWY-nəs; Italian: Tommaso d'Aquino, lit. 'Thomas of Aquino'; c. 1225 – 7 March 1274) was an Italian [6] Dominican friar and priest, an influential philosopher and theologian, and a jurist in the tradition of scholasticism from the county of Aquino in the Kingdom of Sicily.
The Summa contra Gentiles[a] is one of the best-known treatises by Thomas Aquinas, written as four books between 1259 and 1265. Whereas the Summa Theologiæ was written to explain the Christian faith to theology students, the Summa contra Gentiles is more apologetic in tone. While the last book deals with topics of revealed theology such as ...
The principle of double effect – also known as the rule of double effect, the doctrine of double effect, often abbreviated as DDE or PDE, double-effect reasoning, or simply double effect – is a set of ethical criteria which Christian philosophers have advocated for evaluating the permissibility of acting when one's otherwise legitimate act ...
The Summa Theologiae or Summa Theologica (transl. 'Summary of Theology'), often referred to simply as the Summa, is the best-known work of Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274), a scholastic theologian and Doctor of the Church. It is a compendium of all of the main theological teachings of the Catholic Church, intended to be an instructional guide for ...
The ultimate expression of this is a despair that ends in suicide. Aquinas's teaching on acedia in Q. 35 contrasts with his prior teaching on charity's gifted "spiritual joy", to which acedia is directly opposed, and which he explores in Q. 28 of the Secunda Secundae. As Aquinas says, "One opposite is known through the other, as darkness ...
The Quinque viæ (Latin for " Five Ways ") (sometimes called "five proofs") are five logical arguments for the existence of God summarized by the 13th-century Catholic philosopher and theologian Thomas Aquinas in his book Summa Theologica. They are: the argument from "first mover"; the argument from universal causation; the argument from ...
It was later addressed by Averroes [2] and Thomas Aquinas. [3] Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite (before 532) has a predecessor version of the paradox, asking whether it is possible for God to "deny Himself". The best-known version of the omnipotence paradox is the paradox of the stone: "Could God create a stone so heavy that even he could not ...