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An example of using Newton–Raphson method to solve numerically the equation f(x) = 0. In mathematics, to solve an equation is to find its solutions, which are the values (numbers, functions, sets, etc.) that fulfill the condition stated by the equation, consisting generally of two expressions related by an equals sign.
To begin solving, we multiply each side of the equation by the least common denominator of all the fractions contained in the equation. In this case, the least common denominator is () (+). After performing these operations, the fractions are eliminated, and the equation becomes:
Finding the roots (zeros) of a given polynomial has been a prominent mathematical problem.. Solving linear, quadratic, cubic and quartic equations in terms of radicals and elementary arithmetic operations on the coefficients can always be done, no matter whether the roots are rational or irrational, real or complex; there are formulas that yield the required solutions.
Thus solving a polynomial system over a number field is reduced to solving another system over the rational numbers. For example, if a system contains 2 {\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}} , a system over the rational numbers is obtained by adding the equation r 2 2 – 2 = 0 and replacing 2 {\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}} by r 2 in the other equations.
Such an equation can be solved by writing as a nonlinear transformation of another variable which itself evolves linearly. Then standard methods can be used to solve the linear difference equation in . Equations of this form arise from the infinite resistor ladder problem. [5] [6]
A rational algebraic expression (or rational expression) is an algebraic expression that can be written as a quotient of polynomials, such as x 2 + 4x + 4. An irrational algebraic expression is one that is not rational, such as √ x + 4.